GATE ECE Preparation Tips 2021: Complete Strategy to Ace the Exam

GATE is one of the toughest and most competitive engineering entrance exams, though one can crack the exam with the right strategy. Masters (M. Tech) in Electronics and Communication Engineering is one of the most in-demand courses as it offers huge scope for the candidates. Hence, the candidates should prepare well for this subject and score high marks to get admission in the postgraduate courses at some of the prestigious engineering colleges and institutes Apart from the higher education, the candidates can also apply for various PSUs jobs including BHEL, ONGC, etc through GATE score. There will be high-level competition in the GATE exam as it is expected that around nine lakh of candidates will be appearing for the exam. With this in mind, candidates should start their preparation as early as possible to crack the exam in one go. In this article, we have shared useful preparation tips for the GATE Electronics and Communication Engineering Exam.

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Analyze the Syllabus:

GATE ECE Syllabus is one of the important parts of the preparation strategy. Candidates will be able to prepare the relevant topics important for the Electronics and Communication Engineering exam with the help of the syllabus. By doing this, they will avoid focusing on irrelevant topics that are rarely asked in the examination. The GATE Electronics and Communication Engineering syllabus cover eight sections which are as follow:

• Engineering Mathematics
• Networks, Signal, and Systems 
• Electronic Devices
• Analog Circuits
• Digital Circuits 
• Control Systems 
• Communication
• Electromagnetics

Identify relevant topics:

Candidates should understand the syllabus carefully to identify the weightage of each and every topic. One should allocate a sufficient amount of time to each topic as per their weightage to boost the preparation level. The important topics for the ECE paper include Linear Algebra, Calculus, Network Solution Method, Energy Bands in intrinsic and extrinsic silicon, Number systems, Basic Control System, Components, Electromagnetics, Magnetic Effect of Electric Current, Electrostatics, Random process, and so on. 

Practicing Mock Tests and Previous Year Paper is a must:

Any aspirants who wish to crack the GATE exam should regularly attempt mock tests, sample papers, and previous year question papers. This will increase the familiarity of the candidates with the exam pattern. And also, solving the previous year’s paper will help candidates revise what they have learned, enhance their question-solving speed, and help determine weak areas that require attention. Regular practice will boost the confidence of the aspirants in attempting any type of questions in the actual GATE ECE exam with confidence.

Select the Best Books for the Preparation:

Candidates should refer to the best books and study material during the GATE ECE preparation to secure more marks in the exam. They are advised to find books that will help them understand the basic concepts with no difficulty. GATE ECE Preparation books are available both in offline and online stores. Candidates should select limited books to have conceptual clarity on every chapter. They can refer to the ratings,  feedback, and reviews of other aspirants while selecting the preparation books.

Maintain Short Notes:

GATE Electronics and Communication Engineering are quite vast as it covers a total of eight sections with various sub-topics. Therefore, while studying any topics like Linear Algebra, Network Solution Method, Electric Potential, Calculus, etc, the candidates should prepare short notes that have important points, concepts, and formulas for quick calculation. These short notes will be helpful in the quick revisions of the important concept and the candidates will not have to go through the topic again.

Take small breaks:

Devoting hours to the preparation is important but not taking small breaks can make you feel dull. Therefore, candidates should take small breaks in between to stay stress-free and energetic during the entire preparation. You can listen to music, go for a walk, meet a friend or play outdoor sports during such breaks. To learn new topics, it is important to be stress-free and have good concentration power. 

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Conversion Of Waste Thermal Energy Into Electricity Through Technology

Need of energy:

Energy crisis is one of the biggest problems in the world. The reason behind is that much of the energy that we burn every year gets wasted in the form of heat instead of being utilized on a constructive purpose. If we talk about converting heat into electricity we will find out that there are many ways to convert thermal energy into electricity. * Advantage of solar windows.

For example, in case if a material is cold from one side and hot from the other, heat will flow from hot to the cold side. And this flow can be used in the generation of electricity. However, thermoelectric materials present in the market are not capable of doing this activity. * How to turn scrap materials into batteries?

Production of Electricity:

For the purpose of generation of electricity, we have to make the flow of heat on the behalf of electrons throughout the material. In most of the materials, the heat makes its flow in a form of wave that makes the vibration of atoms faster. It is not considered a useful phenomenon because it ends up finishing the important hot and cold differential.

In most of the materials, the vibration of atoms in them takes away ninety percent of heat before it can be used. In the creation of electricity through such methods, our aim should be to identify those materials in which the vibration activity of the electrons can be minimized. It is necessary that such materials exist in abundance and are non-toxic in nature.

Progress in Technology:

Many scientists have already worked to transform thermal energy into electricity. They have made this conversion directly without utilizing moving parts of the other machine. In addition to other advantages, this type of machine would be almost silent, low in maintenance costs and vibration free. If we talk about for till now, the efficiency of such machines has been a problem. This is because the amount of electricity they generate from a given amount of thermal energy has been low.

The new machine which is now introduced is more efficient. Such drastic change in the results means we can improve the production in the future as well. The new technology can bring major changes. For instance, the heat which may be lost through the engine exhausts can be recaptured by the new technology and transformed into electricity. As a result of the production of this electricity, the air conditioning system of the vehicle can make use of it.

This technology was a bit difficult to apply when it was applied to exhaust of the car because we observe the temperature change when the engine stop and start. It has been discovered by many researchers that if the heat is constant then we can expect that our thermoelectric materials will work at their best.

So, as the need of the hour which says that we are suffering from the shortage of electricity, we need to put forward our efforts. We should make use of the technologies which can convert thermal energy into electricity. Only by implementing such ways we can say that we are doing it efficiently.

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How To Turn Scrap Metal In To Batteries?

It’s a known fact that one person’s trash is other person’s treasure. According to the archeological finding, junkyard metal can be used to make pill bottle sized battery. Trash/scrap which is useless to people can be significantly used to make batteries. It just takes a little bit chemistry knowledge to turn scrap into usable batteries. Scrap batteries have quick energy delivery but as compared to the type of devices that are usually quick, these batteries can hold just a little more energy for the given mass. * Why Transformer rating in KVA instead of KW.

Anodization used to make batteries:

Scrap metals such as steel, brass metal, screws, shaving metals, pipes and much more can be converted into batteries by using chemical processes known as anodization. Steel scrap can be anodized to get iron oxides that is formed on the surface of steel material in small sized rods. Copper oxide is obtained by anodizing brass that is found on the surface of brass that looks like some micro sized thorns. * What is an autonomous car?

Anodized metals are then placed inside a glass jar further a potassium hydroxide solution is added to make a working battery. This battery made with scrap metal results in providing a burst of energy quickly. When brass and steel scrap are anodized using some common domestic chemical and electric current, the metal surface is reorganized into a nanometer-sized setup of metal oxide that can save and discharge energy while reacting with water based unsolidified electrolyte. * What is Aeromobil or flying vehicle?

Steel-brass batteries:

Engineers have used some bits of metal scraps and also some household chemicals to make the first ever steel brass battery that can be used to store energy at different levels as compared to lead-acid batteries. These scrap batteries on the other hand charge and discharge energy at rates compared to ultimate-fast charging super-capacitors. This is a common chemical treatment that is used to provide aluminum a decorative and robust finish.

The nanometer domains enlighten the fast charging behavior that is observed and also the exceptional stability of the scrap batteries. After testing the batteries consecutively for 5000 charging cycles for over 13 years scientists have determined that these batteries retain more than 90% of its entire capacity. * What is electrical resistance and its formula?

The future of scrap batteries:

This breakthrough has identified a new research for how the batteries will be made in the future. This might open a new trend where people can make batteries for themselves at home on their own and can even manage to provide electricity to their homes rather than getting electric connection from grid stations. This movement has been seen to start from a contemporary society that leads to the culture where product expansion and manufacturing is decentralized and its climbed down to the communities or individuals. And that is the scale where battery technology will begin and we will move onto that. * Types of engineering careers for students.

There are other uncovered ways to make junkyard batteries with safe chemistry methods. Imagine that the heaps of metal scrap discharged each year can be used to make energy storage to reintroduce future energy grid rather than becoming a problem for the waste processing plants and the atmosphere. * Career growth opportunities for engineers in KSA. 

Why Transformer Rating in KVA? and Why not in KW?

Why Transformer Rating in KVA? with examples:

1. Any transformer includes core losses and copper losses.
2. Core losses are based on input voltage. (Transformer is a Source)
3. Copper losses are based on current flowing through winding.
4. Therefore total loses are based on voltage in addition to current but not on power factor. Thus the rating of transformer is done in KVA not in KW.

One thing more : Because the output power of transformer are Active and reactive power.   KVA=KW+KVAR

Other Answers related to Transformer KVA rating:

(Transformer is a Source) Electrical Source is Usually rated in KVA. 

(Motor is a Load) Electrical Loads are usually rated in KW or Hp. 

Power Factor  when remained controlled {Around Unity}. Power in KVA to be utilized by the Loads remains equal to rated Power KW or HP rating of Loads.

When Power Factor Decreases, demand increases in KVA. As Voltages to remain same, Hence unwanted Current increases in the system & which may lead to unwanted Tripping or Burnouts in the systems.

So all Electrical Engineers & Technicians beware of Power factor of your Supervised Electrical Systems.

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What is Electrical Resistance.
Capacitor symbol | Capacitor Types
Interview Questions for QA / QC
Difference between B-Tech Pass/Hons and BSC Engineering
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Why transformer rating in KVA

What is Electrical Resistance | Electrical Resistance Formula

What is Electrical Resistance?

Electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is the defined as:

An electrical quantity which measure how conductor material reduces electric currant flow through it.

Electrical resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).

Electrical resistance formula:

By ohm's law R is equal to V divided by I where,

R is the resistor's resistance in Ohms (Ω).

V is the voltage drop on resistor in Volts (V).

I  is the current of resistor in amperes (A).

Resistance in Series:

In series circuit total resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of all resistance connected.

And the formula of resistance in series is:

R_Total = R₁+ R₂+ R₃+...

In series circuit current will be same in every resistor and voltage accross the circuit is the sum of voltage across the each component.

Resistance in Parallel:

In parallel circuit total resistance formula used is:

R_Total = 1/R₁+ 1/R₂+ 1/R₃+...

As circuit shown in parallel circuit current will be divided through each resistor and voltage will apply same on each resistor.

Resistivity and conductivity:

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4. Capacitor symbol | Capacitor Types

Capacitor symbol | Capacitor Types

Capacitor Symbol:

There are different types of capacitors, and the basic capacitor symbol for every capacitor is same like shown in fig.

In this fig three capacitor symbols are showing.

Read full article: What is a capacitor.

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Capacitor symbol with picture:

Polarize and non-polarize capacitor symbol:

All electrolytic capacitor are polarizes capacitor.

A type of capacitor that has no implicit polarity, it can be connected either way in a circuit is non polarized capacitor.
Mica, Ceramic and some electrolytic capacitors are non-polarized. 
You'll also sometimes hear people call them "bipolar" capacitors.

More symbol of Capacitor:

What is a Capacitor | Types of Capacitors | Capacitor Construction

What is Capacitor or capacitor definition:

A capacitor is an electrical passive device which used to store electrical energy. A capacitor is made of two closed conductors / plates, separated by dielectric material.

When  its connected to power source plates accumulates electric charge. Positive and negative charges accumulates on both plates.

Stored electric charge in capacitor is measured as capacitance and the unit to measure capacitance is Farad (F).

Pictures of capacitors:

Capacitors Picture

In the picture shown, these are passive capacitors.

You can see all capacitors have two points to connect with positive and negative charge.

There are different types of capacitors. 

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Capacitor symbol:

As shown these are some capacitor symbol.

what is Capacitance:

Capacitance can be defined as: electric charge divided by voltage is equal to capacitance.

Where:

C = capacitance (in farad)

Q = electric charge (in coulombs)

and

V = Voltage (in volts)

Capacitance Formula: C=Q/V

Capacitance of a plate capacitor:

Capacitance (C) of plate capacitor is equal to permittivity (ε) times, Area of plate (A) divided by distance between plates (d).

Here,

C = capacitance of capacitor in Farad (F)
ε = permittivity of capacitor's dielectric material in farad/meter (F/m)
A = Area of capacitor plate in square meter (m)² 
d = Distance between capacitor plates in meter (m)

Capacitor Construction:

Only Parallel plate capacitors are considered for all practical purposes. There are two conductors or electrodes separated by dielectric material of uniform thickness. Conductors can be any type of material which can easily conduct electricity. Dielectric material must be an insulator - poor conductor.

Types of Capacitors:

• Variable Capacitor
• Spherical Capacitor
• Electrolytic Capacitor
• Power Capacitor
• Ceramic Capacitor
• Tantalum Capacitor
• Paper Capacitor
• Mica Capacitor

Difference between B-Tech Pass/Hons and BSC Engineering

Difference Between B.Tech Hons, B.Tech Pass and BSc Engineering Technology:

B.Tech Hons:

They are Engineers (PE) as well as Engg Technologists (EngT)
Academic Duration: B.Tech Hons After DAE or FSc = 4 Years Academic Education without Internship.
Engg Agreement: Should be Comply with the Requirements of Washington Accord (it recognises substantial equivalence in the accreditation of qualifications in professional engineering, normally of four years duration)
Registration: Should be Registered under the Act of PEC like India & Sri Lanka or Should be Registered under the Act of PTC

B.Tech Pass:

They are Engineering Technologists (EngT) or Incorporated Engineer (IEng)
Duration: B.Tech Pass after DAE = 2 Years Academic Education without Internship (Total 15 Yrs Academic Education)
Engg Agreement: Should be Comply with the requirements of Sydney Accord (It recognises substantial equivalence in the accreditation of qualifications in engineering technology, normally of three years duration).
Registration: Should be Registered under the Act of PTC like UK & New Zealand.

BSc Engineering:

They are Engineering Technologists (EngT) or Incorporated Engineer (IEng)
Duration:(BSc Engg Technology after FSc)= 3 Years Academic Education without Internship (Total 15 Yrs Academic Education)
Engg Agreement: Should be Comply with the requirements of Sydney Accord (It recognises substantial equivalence in the accreditation of qualifications in engineering technology, normally of three years duration).
Registration: Should be Registered under the Act of PTC like UK & New Zealand.

For Overseas click on below link to register yourself in Saudi engineering council.
Saudi Engineering Council Registration