Why Transformer Rating in KVA? and Why not in KW?

Why Transformer Rating in KVA? with examples:

1. Any transformer includes core losses and copper losses.
2. Core losses are based on input voltage. (Transformer is a Source)
3. Copper losses are based on current flowing through winding.
4. Therefore total loses are based on voltage in addition to current but not on power factor. Thus the rating of transformer is done in KVA not in KW.

One thing more : Because the output power of transformer are Active and reactive power.   KVA=KW+KVAR

Other Answers related to Transformer KVA rating:

(Transformer is a Source) Electrical Source is Usually rated in KVA. 

(Motor is a Load) Electrical Loads are usually rated in KW or Hp. 

Power Factor  when remained controlled {Around Unity}. Power in KVA to be utilized by the Loads remains equal to rated Power KW or HP rating of Loads.

When Power Factor Decreases, demand increases in KVA. As Voltages to remain same, Hence unwanted Current increases in the system & which may lead to unwanted Tripping or Burnouts in the systems.

So all Electrical Engineers & Technicians beware of Power factor of your Supervised Electrical Systems.

Read More:
What is Electrical Resistance.
Capacitor symbol | Capacitor Types
Interview Questions for QA / QC
Difference between B-Tech Pass/Hons and BSC Engineering
RF Engineer Interview Questions
Why transformer rating in KVA

What to do if Iqama Lost in Saudi Arabia KSA

If you are new in Saudi Arabia and do not know what to do when you lost your iqama, i will explain you what to do when your iqama (Muqeem card) lost. It is not very easy to apply for other iqama immediately however read below simple and easy steps to apply for new. * Procedure to apply for first Saudi Arabian iqama.

Do you know?

"if you have lost your iqama then fee will be applicable for this. First time you will pay 1000 SAR. If you lost again the second time fee should be 2000 SAR and the third time 3000 SAR."

• According to Saudi Arbia Law if your iqama is stolen report within 24 hours then you may avoid penalty.
• Check Iqama Expiry online.
• Check Iqama Validity online.

Things to do immediately if Iqama Lost:

1. First you have to check it everywhere and all possible places where you can put you iqama / muqeem card. So if you still unable to find your iqama then report your sponser (kafeel).
2. An arabic written notes is required in which you will explain where you lost your iqama then go to police station (shurta khana) and report with your company person. 
3. Your company person (mandoob) or any other, your kafeel or company recommended person will write an arabic notes on company letter head signed by chamber of commerce. 
4. If your sponsor is an employee in public sector like in saudi air lines, saudi electric company etc. then you can skip chamber of commerce sign.
5. Pay 650 SAR if your iqama period is for one year.
6. Your sponsor's person or your sponsor itself will visit Jawazat with following documents.

• Arabic written application on letter pad.
• 2 photographs
• Copy of lost iqama
• Passport copy
• Payment proof of fine (1000)
• Iqama fee (650)
• Jawazat filled form.

"Always keep your wallet in safe place. Your iqama is the only identity which you can show any where so i will recommend you to write your phone number and put it in your wallet."

Read this article also to register with saudi engineering council. 

How to Check Iqama Status and Validity on www.moi.gov.sa

To know about your Iqama Status and validity you need to know a little things about Iqama. Iqama is a residence permit and now a day it is also knowing as Muqeem card, kingdom of Saudi Arabia provides it to expatriates with employment visa. Iqama is your most important document while staying in Saudi Arabia. Iqama usually expires in one year but now a days muqeem cards date is extended for 5 year but you have to pay government fee every year. So you have to check your iqama expiry date to keep updated. You can check your iqama validity on ministry of interior website by following these easy steps. 

Iqama Status:

First step:

Take you iqama it is a yellowish card printed with ministry of interior logo, your picture and resident permit printed on it.

Second Step:

Now you have to find your iqama number it is consists on 10 digit numbers. You can see it right on the bottom of your picture showing on your iqama.

Third Step:

Open ministry of interiors website once you identified your iqama number. Open your browsers next tab and visit ministry of interior website http://www.moi.gov.sa

Fourth Step:

On the top of the website an option to change language is showing so change it to english.

Fifth step:

Moi website's menu is showing a tab named "E-services" on the top of menu bar on home page, click on e-services now.

Sixth step:

After clicking on e services look at sub menu named "Passport" from left menu panel and choose "Query iqama Expiry services" at right side.

Finally check your iqama status:

The webpage is showing like below image, now put your iqama number and randomly generated image code (security check)  and click on view to find your iqama status. you will see you iqama status on same page.

Iqama Validity:

You can check Iqama validity by above process but it is also shown on your iqama in hijri date.

Read More:

How to get driving licence in saudi arabia 

Process of Saudi Engineering Council Registration 

Tags about Saudi Iqama Status:
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How to Check Iqama Expiry Date Online

Saudi Government has launched most of the services online for expatriates. And now if you want to check any detail about you, you can check it online very easily. In this post follow the below simple steps to check iqama expiry date.

CHECK IQAMA EXPIRY DATE:

Open Official website of Ministry of interior (MoI): https://www.moi.gov.sa

Now click on above red color link and follow these steps to check iqama expiry date.

1. Now Enter your iqama number.

2. Enter image code.

3. Click on View.

After these easy steps you can check iqama expiry date online as below shown in picture.

You can also check iqama expiry date online by this method:

1. Write www.moi.gov.sa in Google.com or you  can  click  direct on  red  link.

2. After website open select your language english. (you can choose it from top left corner).

3. Now click on Electronic inquires tab and then click on Passport in sub menu and now find "Query Iqama Expiry Services". 

4. Now write your iqama number as above picture mentioned.

5. Enter Image Code in second box.

6. Click on View and you are done.

Now you can check your iqama expiry date and validity online. This form will be as like so just check above iqama number tab showing like:

Iqama is Valid till: YY/MM/DD (Expiry date will in hijri).

Read More:

* How to get driving licence in saudi arabia * Process of Saudi Engineering Council Registration

How to Remove Virus from Android phone or Tablet | Engineer Hammad

If you think your android mobile or tablet is going slow and you think your device is under virus attack, do not worry  i have a good news for you how to remove virus and malware from your android mobile or tablet.

*How to Take Screenshots on Android Very Easy Steps

How to find virus:

First thing is why you think your device is under virus attach, If you don't know i tell you.

1. Some time you see an ad wants to convince you so your mobile is infected.

2. You are seeing some apps to be downloaded.

3. Pop ups and your device misbehave 

*How to Find IMEI Number of Lost Mobile 

How to avoid android virus, gunpoder virus and mazar virus:

Mostly android viruses delivered thorough apps that you install in your mobile. So if your android mobile or tablet does not already have virus then better way of avoid is: 

1. Do not install software from any where.

2. Only use Google Play / Play Store / App Store. (Google product).

Gunpoder virus hits the headlines after Palo Alto networks discovered. It could also sneak on your device via Nintendo game emulator intalled outside Google play. It is seen that gunpoder do not affect UK user as of yet.

Mazar Virus is comes in different way like you receive a link via text message that download Tor browser. Now a day it is affecting devices in denmark.

If You install software from google play and then also an app is disturbing you and is not uninstalling then read this post how to uninstall an app from android mobile. 

Anti Virus is not recommended every time. Some time anti virus do not do anything and device goes slow down as you know its a heavy application.

If your device it infected with virus and you are sure then save all of your data and reset your android mobile as factory reset, it will remove all software and will be like a new phone. After reset you will not able to find anything in your mobile, it mean you will lose all of your data.

How to remove virus form Android:

Put your device on safe mode. this prev

Sample Contract of Employment | job offer letter template | offer of employment letter

Sample contract of employment:

12-10-2014

Employment Offer Letter

Dear Mr. (Name of employee)

We are pleased to confirm our offer and your acceptance to Join .......(Company Name)...... subject to the following terms and conditions for the position of Engineering Supervisor.

1. Release letter from previous employer:

This offer is conditional upon a no objection letter for transfer by your current sponsor.

2. Employment position:

You will be employed as Engineering Supervisor, your duties will include but not limited as per job description. You will be responsible on all documents and job handheld to you.

3. Start date and terms of employment:

The initial contract will commence once your transfer will be done by (Company name) and for a period of 2 years.

4. Working conditions:

You will be provided in order for you to carry out your work with confidentially. It is your responsibility to take proper care of equipments.

5. Working Hours:

Office hours are 8:00 am to 5:30 pm (45 hours weekly) or such other hours as may be necessary or as directed. It is envisaged that regular overtime may be required to meet the requirements of our clients. Lunch time will be taking from 12:30 pm to 1:30 pm.

6. Vacation Entitlement:

You will be entitled to 30 working days leave on completion of 24 months job period and a return ticket or 42 days without ticketing as per Saudi Labor Law, plus local public holidays on confirmation of your appointment and contract.

7. Medical Leave:

You are entitled to have 10 days of paid sick leave per calendar year after 3 months of provisionary. Employee who is absent due to illness for more than 2 consecutive days must produce a doctors certificate.

8. Remuneration:

Your basic salary will be at the rate of 5000 SAR per month. Salaries are reviewed on yearly basis and increase may occur upon job performance, Accommodation will be 3 basic salaries per year, transportation is 500 SAR. Communication, internet, and medical insurance will be provided by company.

9. Medical Cover:

You will be entitled cover once your transfer will be done with us.

10. Offer Acceptance:

If you wish to accept this offer on the term and conditions set out above, please sign and return by email the enclosed duplicate copy of this offer within 7 days of the date of this letter.

We Know you will find working here to be a rewarding and career enhancing experience.

We are excited about the opportunity to work with you as we create an even stronger company.

Your Sincerely

Company Logo and HR Sign

  

Read More: 
Procedure to apply for iqama
How to get driving License in Saudi Arabia 
How to register with saudi engineering council

Quality Assurance Interview Questions | Qc Interview Questions

Interview Questions for QA / QC – Electrical & Instrumentation:

General interview questions:

1. Define ITP. 

Answer:

All inspections shall be done on the basis of approved ITP (Inspection Test Plan) which consists of the following sections;

• Activity Description
• Responsible Person
• Quality Inspection Activity
• Reference Drawings and Specifications
• Acceptance Criteria
• Verifying Documents (ITR’s)
• Intervention Points

2. Explain Intervention Points.

Answer:

W: Witness, S: Surveillance, A: Approval, M: Monitoring, R: Review, H: Hold

3. What is Method Statement?

Answer:

This is construction document on which basis construction work shall be performed at site.

4. What is NCR, CAR & PAR ?

Answer:

NCR: Non Conformance Report 

CAR: Corrective Action Report 

PAR: Preventive Action Report 

5. What is MAR and MRIR? 

Answer: 

MAR: Material Approval Request 

MRIR: Material Receiving Inspection Report

Difference between B-Tech Pass/Hons and BSC Engineering

Electrical Related Questions:

1. What you knows about International Standards like IEEE ,IEC, NEMA ,NFPA and API?

Answer:

IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

IEC stands for International Electrotechnical Commission.

NEMA stands for National Electrical Manufacturers Association.

NFPA stands for National Fire Protection Association.

API stands for American Petroleum Institute.

2. IEC 60079-14 and IEC 60079-17 used for which purpose? 

Answer:

IEC 60079-14 is for Electrical Installations in Hazardous Areas and IEC 60079-17 is for Electrical Installations, Inspection and Maintenance. 

3. Which type of inspections you have performed regarding Electrical work?

Answer: 

Power Control and Earthing Cables Installation, LV/MV Switchgear Installation, Transformer Installation, Power Distribution Boards Installation, UPS Panel and Battery Installation, Earthing System Installation, Lighting System Installation, Motors Solo Run & Installation check and CP System Installation etc. 

4. What will you check during Lighting Final Installation and which drawing shall be used for this activity? 

Answer: 

Lighting final installation shall be checked as per Typical Installation Detail Drawing and Lighting & Small Power layout drawing, also we have to check the existing inspection reports related to this activity like Cable Laying Inspection report, Cable IR/Continuity test report, Glanding & Termination inspection report. 

5. By how many ways we can get the Cathodic Protection ? 

Answer: 

Cathodic Protection (CP) may be achieved in either of two ways. By the use of an impressed current from an electrical source, or by the use of sacrificial anodes. 

6. What are the main points, which we have to check during Motor Installation inspection? 

Answer: 

The important points that we have to check during Motor Installation are as follows; 

1. Check Rated Voltage, Current, Speed, Frequency, IP Rating and Temp. class.
2. Anti-condensation heaters installed continuity and IR test done. Check Phase to earth resistance (wherever applicable).
3. Verify Current Transformer (CT) installation, connection etc are correct. (wherever applicable).
4. Check stator winding connection and ensure that complies with nameplate/ data sheet.
5. Check auxiliary terminal boxes (space heater, bearing/winding temperature/vibration etc).

What is a Capacitor | Capacitor Construction 

Capacitor symbol | Capacitor Types

Instrumentation Questions:

1. What you knows about explosion proof areas/zones ? 

Answer:

Zone 0, 1 & 2 for Gases and vapours. Zone 20, 21 & 22 for Dust protection. 

2. What you know about Temperature classes for Electrical Instruments/Equipments, if T3 is mentioned over there on any instrument what that means? 

Answer:

It is surface temperature of a piece of electrical equipment. With a temperature classification of T3, surface temp. of electrical equipment will not rise above 200 °C. 

3. Which drawing shall be used for Final Instrument Installation inspection? 

Answer:

Typical Instrument Installation drawing. 

4. If one Pressure Transmitter is installed at site, how many inspections are related to that one instrument? 

Answer:

1. Cable Tray Installation Inspection.
2. Cable Laying Inspection.
3. Cable IR/Continuity Test Inspection.
4. Cable Glanding & Termination Inspection.
5. Instrument Tubing Installation Inspection.
6. Final Instrument Installation Inspection 

5. Which drawing shall be used for Instrument Tubing Installation inspection?

Answer:

Hookup drawing shall be used for Tubing Installation of any Instrument. 

6. During material inspection of a Level Transmitter (LT), what will you check and with reference to which documents? 

Answer:

Material inspection shall be done as per approved ITP, data sheet and MR/MAR. Also following necessary documents shall be checked;

1. Instrument Calibration Report.
2. Product Catalogue/Installation Manual.
3. GA Drawings iv. Vendor Data sheet.
4. Inspection Reports (during manufacturing) 

7. Did you worked on F&G (Fire and GAS) system, if yes please specify which type of F&G instruments you have worked on? 

Answer:

Gas detectors (Flammable Gas Detector, Toxic Gas Detectors, Hydrogen Gas Detector), Flame detectors, Heat detectors, Smoke detectors, Beacons/Horns, Manual call points. 

8. At the stage of material inspection, which report we have to prepare?

Answer: 

MRIR: Material Receiving Inspection Report 

9. What is the abbreviation of DCS, ESD and SCADA system ? 

Answer:

DCS: Distributed Control System 

ESD: Emergency Shutdown System 

SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System 

10. Why we use Analog and Digital I/O cards in DCS Control Module? Which inputs are Analog and which are Digital? 

Answer:

Analog I/O cards shall be used for Analog inputs like, RTD, Thermocouple etc. And Digital I/O cards are used for Digital inputs like Pressure switches etc. 

11. What is IP rating? 

Answer:

IP stands for Ingress Protection, IP classifies and rates the degree of protection provided against intrusion (body parts such as hands and fingers), dust, accidental contact, and water by mechanical casings and electrical enclosures. 

12. How we check the cable Insulation Resistance (IR) of multi triad cable. 

Answer:

We have to test the cable as following;

1. Triad to Triad.
2. Triad to Screen.
3. Triad to Armour.
4. Core to Core.
5. Core to Screen.
6. Core to Armour 

13. What we have to check during loop checking of a control valve? 

Answer:

We have to note the following readings;

1. Controller output.
2. I/P Converter Output.
3. Valve Positioner Output.
4. Valve Position 

14. What is ‘Accuracy’ in Instrument Calibration? 

Answer:

Accuracy is the term used to describe the degree of conformity of a measured or calculated value to its actual or specified value. 

15. What is calibration span? 

Answer:

The calibration Span is defined as Upper Range Value (URV) minus Lower Range Value (LRV). For Zero-based instruments, % Span is also known as % of Full Scale (% FS). 

16. What is Instrument Error in calibration? 

Answer:

The difference between values indicated by an instrument and those that are

actual.

RF Engineer Interview Questions | Drive Test Engineer Interview Questions

Qc inspector Jobs in UAE | Ocher Consultants

Positions: QC Inspector

Number of Positions: Two (2)
Minimum Qualification: A Bachelor’s degree
    Minimum Experience: 1-3 Years
    Location: Sharjah, UAE

Job Context: 

Responsible for coordinating, facilitating, and implementing quality control standards in Production/Plant. Taking samples periodically from different stages of production and perform quality tests. 

Key Responsibilities: 

• Ensures that products confer with respective quality standards and customer specifications at in-process and final quality points.
• Ensure statistical process control is effectively maintained. 
• Provide support to Operations, Engineering, Sales and other departments in interacting with customers, suppliers and other vendors.
• Develop, implement, and coordinate quality training programs for all Production personnel.
• Review quality Control standards, existing policies & procedures to evaluate the effectiveness of the production quality programs.
• Ensures proper handling and maintenance of QC equipment.
• Ensures that safety standards and procedures are followed.
• Any other task as assigned by the management.
Skill Sets:
• Ensure all aspects of the Quality Control Department including Quality Control, Calibration, and Document Control are implemented and complied. 
• Manage and maintain database for quality investigation reports. 
• Participate in employee training on Quality related systems. 
• Provide Quality Control support for Engineering, Manufacturing, Supplier Control and Product Development. 
• Quickly review suspect material and provide disposition instructions. 
• Assure manufacturing problems are quickly identified, documented and actions are taken to repair,
• Follow schedule for reviews and improve quality plans and inspection requirements.

Procedure to Apply: 

Interested applicants may immediately submit their CV along with latest snap & scan copy of valid passport at:cv@ocherconsultants.com as soon as early.
Please clearly mention the position applied for in the subject line. CV’s without subject will not be considered. Only shortlisted candidates will be called for Skype Interview (if required).

What is Electrical Resistance | Electrical Resistance Formula

What is Electrical Resistance?

Electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is the defined as:

An electrical quantity which measure how conductor material reduces electric currant flow through it.

Electrical resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).

Electrical resistance formula:

By ohm's law R is equal to V divided by I where,

R is the resistor's resistance in Ohms (Ω).

V is the voltage drop on resistor in Volts (V).

I  is the current of resistor in amperes (A).

Resistance in Series:

In series circuit total resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of all resistance connected.

And the formula of resistance in series is:

R_Total = R₁+ R₂+ R₃+...

In series circuit current will be same in every resistor and voltage accross the circuit is the sum of voltage across the each component.

Resistance in Parallel:

In parallel circuit total resistance formula used is:

R_Total = 1/R₁+ 1/R₂+ 1/R₃+...

As circuit shown in parallel circuit current will be divided through each resistor and voltage will apply same on each resistor.

Resistivity and conductivity:

Read More:
1. RF Engineer Interview Questions | Drive Test Engineer Interview Questions
2. What is 2g 3g 4g | Difference Between 2g 3g and 4g
3. What is a Capacitor | Capacitor Construction
4. Capacitor symbol | Capacitor Types

Format Hard drive Windows 7 | How to Format a Hard Drive in Windows 7

Format a Drive in Windows 7, 8, 10:

You can format hard drive windows 7 or any windows like xp, vista, 8 and 10 by following below mention easy steps.

1. First of all open my computer.
2. Your partitions will be showing like local disc c, d, e. or in windows 7 like OS (C), OS (D) etc.
3. If you connect your external hard disk, memory card or any other portable drives that will also show here.
4. Now the drive that you want to format right click on that drive as shown in picture you will see format in options.
   
5. Click on format then you will see this tab.
              
6. Now check Quick format box and click on start button.
7. You are done, after some seconds your drive will format.

1. How to Show hidden files in USB 2. How to run old games on windows 7 3. How to install windows 7 from USB 4. Top Ten Keyboard shortcuts